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Estimating Unmet Demand for Integrated Nursing and Care Service and Needed Beds: Directions for Nursing Policy to Improve Health Equity

°£È£ÇàÁ¤ÇÐȸÁö 2021³â 27±Ç 5È£ p.443 ~ 454
KMID : 0614820210270050443
ÀÌÁø¼± ( Yi Jin-Seon ) - Seoul National University College of Nursing

±èÁøÇö ( Kim Jin-Hyun ) - Seoul National University College of Nursing

Abstract

¿¬±¸¸ñÀû: ÀÔ¿øȯÀÚ¿¡°Ô Áú ³ôÀº °£È£¼­ºñ½º¸¦ Á¦°øÇÏ°íÀÚ °£È£°£º´ÅëÇÕ¼­ºñ½º Á¦µµ°¡ µµÀԵǾúÀ¸³ª, º´»ó È®´ëÀÇ µÐÈ­·Î ÃæºÐÇÑ ¼­ºñ½º°¡ °ø±ÞµÇÁö ¸øÇϸ鼭 ¹ÌÃæÁ· ¼ö¿ä°¡ ¹ß»ýÇÏ¿´´Ù. º» ¿¬±¸´Â °£È£°£º´ÅëÇÕ¼­ºñ½º °ø±ÞÀÇ ºÒ±ÕÇüÀ» ÇؼÒÇÏ°í Àü±¹ÀûÀ¸·Î È®´ëÇϱâ À§ÇÑ Á¤Ã¥Àû ¹æÇâÀ» ¸ð»öÇÏ°íÀÚ, °£È£°£º´ÅëÇÕ¼­ºñ½ºÀÇ Áö¿ªº°¡¤ÀÇ·á±â°ü Á¾º° ¹ÌÃæÁ· ¼ö¿ä¸¦ ÆľÇÇÏ°í ¼ö¿ä ÃæÁ·¿¡ ÇÊ¿äÇÑ º´»ó¼ö¸¦ Ãß°èÇÏ¿´´Ù.

¿¬±¸¹æ¹ý: Çѱ¹ÀÇ·áÆгΠ¿¬°£ÀÚ·á(2015~2018), °Ç°­º¸ÇèÅë°è¿¬º¸(2015~2019), ±âÁ¸ ¿¬±¸º¸°í¼­¿¡ °ø°³µÈ Åë°èÀÚ·á(2015~2019)¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ¿´´Ù. ¹ÌÃæÁ· °£È£°£º´ÅëÇÕ¼­ºñ½º ¼ö¿ä´Â ¼­ºñ½ºÀÇ ½ÃÀå ´ëüÀçÀÎ À¯±Þ ¹× °¡Á· °£º´ ÀÌ¿ë·®À¸·Î ÃøÁ¤ÇÏ¿´´Ù. ´Ü, ¼ö¿äÀÇ °ú´Ù Ã߰踦 ¹æÁöÇÏ°íÀÚ °¡Á· °£º´ ÀÌ¿ë·®ÀÇ 45%¸¸À» ¹Ý¿µÇÏ°í ¹Î°¨µµ ºÐ¼®À» ½ÃÇàÇÏ¿´´Ù. ÇÊ¿ä º´»ó¼ö´Â °£È£°£º´ÅëÇÕ¼­ºñ½º ¼ö¿ä¸¦ º´»ó°¡µ¿·ü°ú 365¸¦ °öÇÑ °ªÀ¸·Î ³ª´©¾î »êÃâÇÏ¿´´Ù.

¿¬±¸°á°ú: ¹ÌÃæÁ· ¼ö¿ä´Â ¸Å³â °¨¼ÒÇÏ´Â ÃßÀÌ¿´°í 2019³â ±âÁØ 3õ1¹é¸¸~4õ7¹é¸¸¸í(¿¬Àοø)À¸·Î Ãß°èµÇ¾î 21.6~29.3%ÀÇ ÃæÁ··üÀ» ³ªÅ¸³Â´Ù. ¹ÌÃæÁ· ¼ö¿ä°¡ °¡Àå Å« Áö¿ªÀº °æ±â(6~8¹é¸¸¸í(¿¬Àοø)), °¡Àå ÀûÀº Áö¿ªÀº Á¦ÁÖ(16~22¸¸¸í(¿¬Àοø))¿´´Ù. Áö¿ªº° ÃæÁ··üÀº ÀÎõ(52~61%)ÀÌ °¡Àå ³ô¾Ò°í ÀüºÏ(6~8%)ÀÌ °¡Àå ³·¾Ò´Ù. ÀÇ·á±â°ü Á¾º° ¹ÌÃæÁ· ¼ö¿ä´Â Á¾ÇÕº´¿ø 6¹é¸¸~1õ¸¸¸í(¿¬Àοø), º´¿ø 5~8¹é¸¸¸í(¿¬Àοø), »ó±ÞÁ¾ÇÕ 4~7¹é¸¸¸í(¿¬Àοø)À̾ú°í, ÃæÁ··üÀº Á¾ÇÕº´¿ø 43~53%, º´¿ø 34~43%, »ó±ÞÁ¾ÇÕ 20~27%À̾ú´Ù. Áö¿ªº° ÇÊ¿ä º´»ó¼ö´Â °æ±â(37,212~48,882)°¡ °¡Àå ¸¹°í Á¦ÁÖ(932~1,207)°¡ °¡Àå Àû¾ú´Ù. ÀÇ·á±â°ü Á¾º° ÇÊ¿ä º´»ó¼ö´Â º´¿ø 54,955~70,962, Á¾ÇÕº´¿ø 51,990~64,446, »ó±ÞÁ¾ÇÕ 17,176~23,340·Î Ãß°èµÇ¾ú´Ù.

°á·Ð: °£È£°£º´ÅëÇÕ¼­ºñ½º¸¦ Á¦°øÇÏ´Â º´»ó ºÐÆ÷ÀÇ ºÒ±ÕÇüÀ¸·Î Áö¿ª ¹× ÀÇ·á±â°ü Á¾º° ¹ÌÃæÁ· ¼ö¿äÀÇ Â÷ÀÌ°¡ Å©°Ô ³ªÅ¸³µ´Ù. ÃæÁ··ü Á¦°í¸¦ À§ÇØ ¼ö¿ä¿¡ µû¸¥ ´Ù¾çÇÑ ¸ÂÃãÇü º´»ó È®´ë Àü·«ÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÏ´Ù. ±Ã±ØÀûÀ¸·Î´Â ¹ÌÃæÁ· ¼ö¿äÀÇ ´ÙÃþÀû ¿øÀÎÀ» °í·ÁÇÑ ÀÇ·á»ýÈ°±Ç Áß½ÉÀÇ °£È£°£º´ÅëÇÕ¼­ºñ½º Á¦°øÀ» À§ÇÏ¿© º¸°ÇÀÇ·áü°èÀÇ °³ÇõÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÏ´Ù."

Purpose: This study aimed to estimate the unmet demand for INCS and the number of needed beds for fulfillment.
Methods: Annual data from the Korea Health Panel (2015~2018), Health Insurance Statistical Yearbook (2015~2019), and published statistical data (2015~2019) were used. To measure the unmet demand, the utilization of informal nursing care services, which can be a market substitute for INCS, was used. The number of needed beds was calculated by dividing the demand by the bed occupancy rate multiplied by 365 days.

Results: The unmet demand decreased every year and was estimated to be 31~47 million person-day as of 2019. It was the highest in Gyeonggi (6~8 million) and the lowest in Jeju (160~220 thousand), while the fulfilled rate was the highest in Incheon (52~61%) and the lowest in Jeonbuk (6~8%). For each type, general hospitals showed the highest unmet demand (6~10 million), followed by hospitals (5~8 million) and tertiary hospitals (4~7 million). Gyeonggi province (37,212~48,882) and general hospitals (54,955~70,962) were most needed additional INCS beds.

Conclusion: Tailored bed expansion strategies are necessary to satisfy each region's and hospital¡¯s demand. Considering the multi-layered causes of unmet demand, a healthcare system reform that increases the regional self-sufficiency of INCS is required.
KeyWords
°£È£°£º´ÅëÇÕ¼­ºñ½º, ¹ÌÃæÁ· ¼ö¿ä, ÇÊ¿ä º´»ó¼ö, °Ç°­ºÒÆòµî
Integrated Nursing and Care Service, Unmet healthcare demand, Unmet need, Healthcare disparities, Health services research
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ÇмúÁøÈïÀç´Ü(KCI) KoreaMed